Railway bridges are also severely affected by floods, with 138 failures of these assets caused by flood-induced scour in the United Kingdom betweenġ8 (Van Leeuwen and Lamb, 2014). Resulted in further losses, amounting to approximately GBP 25 million inĭirect costs. Societal costs (Argyroudis et al., 2019). The 2009 flood event in CumbriaĪlone resulted in 29 road bridge collapses or severe damage, GBP 34 million in repair and replacement costs, and significantly larger economic and The main bridge asset managers in the country, they give an idea of the highĮxposure of bridges to the flood hazard. While these estimates are uncertain and only encompass Rail also manages over 8800 bridges in or adjacent to inland waterways Managed by the Highways Agency is estimated to be as high as 160 000, withĪpproximately 30 000 of these crossing waterways (Middleton, 2004). Kingdom does not have a national structures database. Operability due to the high frequency of extreme hydrometeorological eventsĪnd the significant cascading impacts of the failure of these criticalĪssets on wider transport networks, communities, and businesses. The United Kingdom is aĬountry where floods are of particular concern for bridge safety and The hydraulic risk ofīridges to flood impacts is significant globally. Waterways and floodplains and are therefore exposed to river floodingĪctions such as scour, inundation, and debris impact. A large number of these critical assets cross or are adjacent to Please read the corrigendum first before continuing.īridges are critical-infrastructure components of road and rail transport Stakeholders worldwide, guide the directions of future research in theįield, and influence policies for risk mitigation and rapid response toįlood warnings, ultimately increasing bridge resilience. Issues are discussed in this paper to inform other researchers and Process after flood damage, (v) decision-making under uncertainty forįlood-critical bridges, and (vi) use of event forecasting and monitoringĭata for increasing the reliability of bridge flood risk estimations. In particular, the following issues, established atĭifferent levels and scales of bridge flood resilience, were identified andĪnalysed in depth: (i) characterization of the effects of floods onĭifferent bridge typologies, (ii) uncertainties in formulae for scour depthĪssessment, (iii) evaluation of consequences of damage, (iv) recovery Identify and prioritize the most urgent and significant impediments toīridge flood resilience. Kingdom and specializing in the fields of bridge risk assessment and These gaps were explored duringĪn expert workshop that took place in April 2021 with the participation ofĪcademics, consultants, and decision makers operating mainly in the United Many scientific and technical gaps remain. Have been made to increase the robustness of bridges to the flood hazard, These stressors are widely recognizedĪs responsible for the vast majority of bridge failures around the world,Īnd they are expected to be exacerbated due to climate change. A large number of these critical assets cross or areĪdjacent to waterways and floodplains and are therefore exposed to floodĪctions such as scour, hydrodynamic loading, and inundation, all of which areĮxacerbated by debris accumulations. Bridges are critical-infrastructure components of road and rail
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